In recent times, Africa’s position on the Israel-Gaza conflict has become increasingly divided, reflecting the complex interplay of historical ties, evolving interests, and shifting alliances. As the world watches the ongoing crisis, it’s clear that African nations have chosen different sides, and this article aims to delve into the reasons behind this divergence.
Africa’s Position on the Israel-Gaza Conflict
Historical Ties and Emotional Bonds:
African nations have historically supported the Palestinian cause, given their own struggles against colonialism and racism. The painful history of colonial rule and the resonance of the Palestinian experience with the African struggle have solidified these emotional ties, particularly in countries like Algeria and South Africa.
African Support for the Palestinian Cause
Israel’s Growing Influence:
Israel’s footprint in Africa has expanded significantly, with 44 out of 54 African countries recognizing its statehood and a notable uptick in diplomatic relations. Key drivers of this shift include Israel’s expertise in agriculture, a sector of paramount importance for a continent grappling with food security issues. Israel’s agricultural technologies have been instrumental in helping African countries combat droughts and extreme weather events.
Israel’s Influence in Africa
Beyond agriculture, trade and security interests have played pivotal roles in shaping African nations’ warming attitudes toward Israel. Key turning points, like the Camp David Accords and the Oslo Accords, prompted a reevaluation of diplomatic relations. Furthermore, Israel’s normalization agreements with Chad, Morocco, and Sudan have bolstered its presence on the continent.
African-Israel Relations
Trade and Humanitarian Aid:
Israel’s trade relations with African nations have been on the rise, with trade volumes exceeding $750 million in 2021. This expansion of trade ties has been particularly evident in South Africa, which, despite its vocal criticism of Israel, remains its largest trading partner on the continent. Moreover, Israel’s humanitarian aid initiatives in Africa, including support for Ethiopian Jews and educational programs, have cultivated goodwill.
Israel-Africa Trade Relations
Divisions in African Approaches:
African governments often appear to maintain a dual approach to the Israel-Palestine conflict, balancing trade and diplomatic ties with expressions of solidarity with Palestine. This duality is not unique to this conflict, as demonstrated by Africa’s varied responses to other international crises, such as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
African Diplomacy in International Conflicts
Potential for Change:
Pressure from civil society may lead to more pronounced political stances on the Israel-Palestine issue in the future. Calls for South Africa to downgrade its diplomatic relations with Israel and for trade boycotts are gaining momentum. If the Israel-Gaza conflict escalates further, we can expect such calls to intensify across Africa.
Civil Society’s Influence on Africa’s Stance
Africa’s divided stance on the Israel-Palestine conflict underscores the intricate web of interests, historical connections, and geopolitical considerations that shape the continent’s approach. While trade and diplomatic relations with Israel have expanded significantly, the emotional bonds with the Palestinian cause continue to resonate. As the conflict unfolds, Africa’s role in shaping its resolution and its evolving relationships with Israel and Palestine remain subjects of keen interest.
