A newly discovered coronavirus in Brazil has sparked renewed concern about potential future pandemics. Scientists from the United States and Japan identified the virus, dubbed BRZ batCoV, in bats, noting its similarities to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.
The discovery, made after analyzing intestinal samples from Pteronotus parnellii bats in northern Brazil, reveals the virus belongs to the Betacoronavirus family, which also includes SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. This classification immediately raises red flags due to the known pathogenicity of other viruses within this group.
Crucially, the research indicates that BRZ batCoV possesses a furin cleavage site, a characteristic that enhances its ability to infect human cells. While there is a minor amino acid difference compared to SARS-CoV-2, the presence of this site is a significant factor in assessing the virus’s potential threat. Currently, no human infections have been reported.
Researchers emphasize that the findings highlight the ongoing risk of novel viruses emerging from wildlife and potentially crossing over to humans. Their research paper, posted on bioRxiv, underscores the role of bats as natural reservoirs for viruses capable of infecting humans.
“The significance of the furin cleavage site makes these findings highly valuable for understanding zoonotic risks and the evolutionary potential of BRZ batCoV,” the researchers stated. This discovery marks the first identification of a non-SARS-CoV-2 Betacoronavirus in bats in South America, further emphasizing the need for continued surveillance and research to prevent future outbreaks.
The discovery serves as a stark reminder of the constant threat posed by emerging infectious diseases and the importance of proactive measures to monitor and understand potential pandemic threats. DZWatch will continue to monitor this developing situation and provide updates as they become available.
